The Paleo Solution

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Nutritional analysis of Paleo foods vs. whole grains

Mean nutrient density of various food groups (418-kJ samples)*

Nutrient Whole grains Whole milk Fruit Vegetables Seafood Lean Meats Nuts and Seeds
Vitamin B-12 (µg) 0.00 [4] 0.58 [5] 0.00 [4] 0.00 [4] 7.42 [7] 0.63 [6] 0.00 [4]
Vitamin B-3 (mg) 1.12 [4] 0.14 [1] 0.89 [3] 2.73 [5] 3.19 [6] 4.73 [7] 0.35 [2]
Phosphorus (mg) 90 [3] 152 [5] 33 [1] 157 [6] 219 [7] 151 [4] 80 [2]
Riboflavin (mg) 0.05 [2] 0.26 [6] 0.09 [3] 0.33 [7] 0.09 [4] 0.14 [5] 0.04 [1]
Thiamine (mg) 0.12 [5] 0.06 [1] 0.11 [3] 0.26 [7] 0.08 [2] 0.18 [6] 0.12 [4]
Folate (µg) 10.3 [4] 8.1 [2] 25.0 [6] 208.3 [7] 10.8 [3] 3.8 [1] 11.0 [5]
Vitamin C (mg) 1.53 [3] 74.2 [5] 221.3 [7] 93.6 [6] 1.9 [4] 0.1 [1] 0.4 [2]
Iron (mg) 0.90 [4] 0.08 [1] 0.69 [2] 2.59 [7] 2.07 [6] 1.10 [5] 0.86 [3]
Vitamin B-6 (mg) 0.09 [3] 0.07 [1] 0.20 [5] 0.42 [7] 0.19 [4] 0.32 [6] 0.08 [2]
Vitamin A (RE) 2 [2] 50 [5] 94 [6] 687 [7] 32 [4] 1 [1] 2 [3]
Magnesium (mg) 32.6 [4] 21.9 [2] 24.6 [3] 54.5 [7] 36.1 [6] 18.0 [1] 35.8 [5]
Calcium (mg) 7.6 [2] 194.3 [7] 43.0 [4] 116.8 [6] 43.1 [5] 6.1 [1] 17.5 [3]
Zinc (mg) 0.67 [4] 0.62 [3] 0.25 [1] 1.04 [5] 7.6 [7] 1.9 [6] 0.6 [2]
Sum rank score 44 44 48 81 65 50 38

* Food types within food groups are based on the most commonly consumed foods in the US diet. Values in brackets represent relative ranking (7=highest; 1=lowest). The micronutrient concentrations for each food group were derived from reference 64. RE, retinol equivalents.

Sample 1-day menu for a modern diet based upon Paleolithic food groups for females (25 yrs, 2200 kcal daily energy intake).

Food quantity (g) Energy (kcal)
Breakfast
Cantaloupe 276 97
Atlantic salmon (broiled) 333 605
Lunch
Vegetable salad with walnuts

Shredded romaine lettuce

68 10

Sliced carrot

61 26

Sliced cucumber

78 10

Quartered tomatoes

246 52

Lemon juice dressing

31 8

Walnuts

11 70
Broiled lean pork loin 86 205
Dinner
Vegetable avocado/almond salad

Shredded mixed greens

112 16

Tomato

123 26

Slivered almonds

45 260

Sliced red onion

29 11

Lemon juice dressing

31 8
Steamed broccoli 468 131
Lean beef sirloin tip roast 235 400
Dessert (Strawberries) 130 39
Snacks
Orange 66 30
Carrot sticks 81 35
Celery sticks 90 14

Macronutrient and other dietary characteristics in contemporary diet based on Paleolithic food groups for females (25 yrs, 2200 kcal daily energy intake).

Protein (g) 217

Protein (% energy)

38
Carbohydrate (g) 129

Carbohydrate (% energy)

23
Total sugars (g) 76.5
Fiber (g) 42.5
Fat (g) 100.3

Fat (% total energy)

39.0
Saturated fat (g) 18.0

Saturated fat (% total energy)

7.0
Monounsaturated fat (g) 44.3
Polyunsaturated fat (g) 26.7
Omega 3 fat (g) 9.6
Omega 6 fat (g) 14.2
Cholesterol (mg) 461
Sodium (mg) 726
Potassium (mg) 9062

Trace nutrients in a modern diet based on Paleolithic food groups for females (25 yrs, 2200 kcal daily intake).

TOTAL % RDA
Vitamin A (RE) 6386 798
Vitamin B1 (mg) 3.4 309
Vitamin B2 (mg) 4.2 355
Vitamin B3 (mg) 60 428
Vitamin B6 (mg) 6.7 515
Folate (µg) 891 223
Vitamin B12 (µg) 17.6 733
Vitamin C (mg) 748 1247
Vitamin E (IU) 19.5 244
Calcium (mg) 691 69
Phosphorus (mg) 2546 364
Magnesium (mg) 643 207
Iron (mg) 24.3 162
Zinc (mg) 27.4 228

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Other links

Nutrition and health in agriculturists and hunter-gatherers: Article 1 | Article 2
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